STORIES
Your Customers Aren’t Rational, So Stop Marketing Like They Are

Buying isn’t logical. It’s behavioral. Use gift cards to tap into human instincts like reciprocity, loss aversion, and the goal gradient effect.

Tom Dixon
Content Director
Buying isn’t logical. It’s behavioral. Use gift cards to tap into human instincts like reciprocity, loss aversion, and the goal gradient effect.

Your customer’s brain didn’t make the last purchase. Their gut did.

They told themselves it was about price or features, but that wasn’t it. 

It was the dopamine hit of a discount. The thrill of limited-time offers. The quiet satisfaction of seeing a progress bar tick closer to “next purchase is free.” 

They bought because your brand tapped into one of the ancient mental shortcuts that drive human behavior.

Our purchasing behavior may not be logical. But it is, in its own way, rational. It’s predictable.

Modern marketing still clings to logic. It highlights benefits, specs, data points. These differentiators might appeal to robots. But your customers are still human. That means they respond to emotion, habit, and deep psychological patterns.

If purchasing decisions are behavioral, then it follows that your marketing strategy should be a behavioral tool. And the most overlooked behavioral tool in your arsenal is the gift card.

Gift cards tap into core cognitive biases (like reciprocity, loss aversion, operant conditioning) and rewire how people engage, decide, and buy. When used well, they don’t just boost conversion; they change the behavior that drives your business.

1. Operant Conditioning

A graphic showing how operant conditioning links gift cards to purchases.

People aren’t born loyal. They’re trained to be.

B.F. Skinner figured this out in the 1930s with pigeons and pellets. He’d give them food every time they pecked a button. Soon enough, the pigeons were pecking like their lives depended on it. The lesson? Reward a behavior, and it repeats. Stop the reward, and it disappears.

Your customers aren’t pigeons. But they’re not immune to the same patterns.

Every time you offer a reward, whether that reward is points, perks, or gift cards, you’re reinforcing a loop. Buy, get rewarded, repeat. It’s not manipulation. It’s motivation, backed by behavioral science.

How To Use Operant Conditioning in the Wild

  • Stack points toward a goal: Create loyalty programs that let customers see their progress and anticipate the next reward.
  • Use spend thresholds strategically: Run “Spend $100, get $10 back” offers to reinforce higher-value purchases.
  • Add tiered incentives: Unlock perks as customers climb levels—status becomes a reward in itself.
  • Trigger milestone rewards: Send a $10 gift card after the third purchase. It teaches that continued engagement leads to tangible gains.
  • Surprise the habit loop: Drop an unexpected gift card after a second or fourth purchase—no strings. Surprise boosts emotional impact and makes the behavior stick.

Each of these trains the same message: keep buying, and the good stuff keeps coming.

2. The Endowment Effect

A graphic showing a $5 gift card preloaded on a smartphone

In 1980, researchers handed out mugs to half a group of students and asked the others how much they'd pay to buy one. The students who owned the mug wouldn’t sell for less than $5.25. The ones without it wouldn’t pay more than $2.25. Same mug. Wildly different value.

Why? Ownership distorts perception. Once we feel something is ours, we value it more—whether it’s a coffee mug, a parking spot, or a $10 gift card we didn’t ask for.

This is the endowment effect. And it’s not just a footnote in behavioral econ textbooks. It’s an emotional lever you can pull.

Customers are more likely to act when they believe they already have something to lose. So instead of offering a discount they have to earn, give them a gift they feel compelled to use.

How the Endowment Effect Shows Up in the Wild

Preload value early: Seed new accounts or new customer profiles with a $5–$10 gift card balance to create instant psychological ownership.

Use ownership-driven language: Say “Your $10 gift is waiting” instead of “Earn $10” to trigger the feeling that the reward already belongs to them.

Give, then guide: Deliver the gift card first, then point to how they can use it—this flips the script from incentive to asset protection.

Make it feel limited: Add urgency with language like “Don’t lose your gift” or “Unclaimed balance expires soon” to increase the perceived value.

Let discovery drive action: Don’t announce the reward upfront—let customers find it waiting in their account. The surprise amplifies the endowment effect.

You’re not giving money away. You’re assigning value before the customer even acts. Once they feel they own it, behavior follows.

3. The Reciprocity Principle

A graphic showing two people shaking hands.

Human beings are wired for balance. Someone opens a door, you say thank you. Someone sends a gift, you feel the pull to return the gesture even if no one asked you to.

This is reciprocity. It’s not calculated. It’s automatic. Reciprocity drives action because it feels natural, not transactional.

When brands give something small, unexpected, and sincere that’s not tied to an ask, customers often respond with loyalty, purchases, or referrals. Not because anyone asked them to, but because it feels right.

Reciprocity creates goodwill. But more than that, it creates a subtle sense of obligation that turns passive customers into active ones.

How Reciprocity Shows Up in the Wild

Send surprise thank-yous: Deliver gift cards on birthdays, anniversaries, or just because. The unexpected nature deepens emotional resonance.

Lead with appreciation, not a pitch: Pair the reward with a message like “We’re glad you’re here” or “Thanks for sticking with us.” Keep the gesture clean.

Use post-purchase gratitude: After a customer’s third or fourth order, drop a small gift card with a note of thanks.

Recognize feedback and engagement: Send rewards for completing a survey, writing a review, or referring a friend. This type of employee reward feels earned, not transactional.

Personalize the gesture: Reference the customer’s journey—“We saw you’ve been with us a year,” or “You crushed it during our last promo.” Specificity makes it stick.

When done right, a small token today builds a long-term relationship tomorrow using the power of reciprocity.

4. The Goal Gradient Effect

A graphic showing how the goal gradient effect encourages people to purchase.

People often accelerate their efforts as they move closer to a goal. The last step toward a reward feels different from the first. Progress becomes its own kind of motivation. The more visible it is, the more energy people bring to reaching the end.

This is the goal gradient effect. When customers can see how far they’ve come and what’s left to do, they stay engaged. The path matters as much as the outcome.

Gift cards work well in this space. They can mark progress, celebrate milestones, and keep people moving forward through small but meaningful reinforcement.

How the Goal Gradient Effect Shows Up in the Wild

Show visible progress: Loyalty meters, points trackers, and progress visuals help customers stay aware of their place in the journey.

Start customers partway in: Preloading a few points or credits lowers the barrier to participation and builds early momentum.

Send timely nudges: Reminders like “You’re one purchase away from earning a $10 gift card” help turn near-completion into action.

Create momentum through milestones: Offering small rewards during a longer process gives customers something to act on before the final goal is reached.

Focus attention on the next step: Phrasing like “One more visit” or “$5 to go” helps customers stay focused on what’s directly ahead.

When progress feels tangible, customers are more likely to keep moving. Each small step becomes a reason to take the next one.

5. Temporal Discounting

A graphic showing time running out on a gift card.

People naturally place more value on what they can have now than on what they might gain later. The present feels more certain, more controllable. The future, even when it holds something larger, can feel distant or abstract.

This is temporal discounting. It’s why flash sales work. It’s why instant gratification often outweighs long-term benefits. And it’s why customers respond more readily when the payoff is immediate.

Incentives that take effect right away feel more real. Gift cards, when delivered quickly and tied to a specific action, can close that gap between intent and behavior.

How Temporal Discounting Shows Up in the Wild

Deliver rewards immediately: Offer gift cards that are sent right after the action—signing up, completing a profile, or making a purchase.

Tie actions to instant outcomes: Incentivize behaviors like “Complete your profile today, get $5 now” to create urgency and clarity.

Use time-sensitive offers: Limited-time campaigns with short windows create pressure that aligns with how people weigh time and value.

Minimize delays between action and reward: Ensure there’s no lag between when a customer completes a behavior and when they receive the gift card.

Frame immediacy in clear terms: Use language like “Available instantly” or “Yours today” to reinforce the speed of the reward.

The sooner customers feel the benefit, the more likely they are to act.

6. Scarcity

A graphic showing a scarce, therefore valuable, gift card.

A new sneaker drops at midnight. There’s a countdown, a waitlist, and a finite number of pairs. Within hours, the site crashes. By morning, they’re sold out.

The appeal isn’t just the shoe: it’s the drop. The time limit. The knowledge that not everyone will get one. Scarcity turns an ordinary moment into an event. It changes the pace of decision-making and amplifies desire through tension and timing.

This same principle works across categories. When customers believe a reward could run out, or that others are already claiming it, they pay closer attention. They decide faster.

Gift cards can create this effect, especially when tied to time-sensitive offers or capped redemptions. Even modest incentives gain power when framed as rare or exclusive.

How Scarcity Shows Up in the Wild

Cap redemptions visibly: Language like “Only the first 100 customers get a $10 gift card” signals exclusivity and encourages faster action.

Set short redemption windows: Use deadlines like “Offer ends tonight” or “24-hour reward” to compress the decision timeline.

Re-engage inactive customers: “Your $10 reward expires at midnight” helps bring lapsed users back before the opportunity closes.

Display live claim counts: Showing how many rewards have been redeemed adds social momentum and reinforces urgency.

Keep messaging friendly but firm: Phrases like “Just a few left” or “Available for early access only” build pressure without sounding aggressive.

7. Social Proof 

A graphic showing how five-star reviews provide social proof.

At a new restaurant, people tend to follow the noise. If one line is short and another wraps around the block, most will join the crowd. After all, if If others are here, it must be worth it.

That’s social proof. When people are uncertain, they look to others for cues. Reviews, ratings, photos, testimonials, even simple numbers — they all help reduce hesitation by signaling that someone else has already made the choice.

Incentives get stronger when they come with social evidence. A gift card offer feels more credible, and more appealing, when it's shown alongside customer stories, high redemption numbers, or visible community engagement.

How Social Proof Shows Up in the Wild

Highlight total redemptions: “Join 20,000 customers who claimed their $10 reward” turns an individual offer into a collective movement.

Show faces and feedback: Add customer quotes, photos, or brief testimonials near the gift card CTA to validate the experience.

Use referral logic: “Your friend earned a $10 gift card. Now, it’s your turn” taps into both social proof and reciprocity.

Incorporate peer behavior into UI: Display phrases like “Most users choose this reward” or “Popular among new members” to guide decisions.

Connect rewards to visible moments: Share stories or posts from real customers using their gift cards: Instagram, reviews, or internal communities work well.

When customers see others taking part, the reward feels trusted, familiar, and easier to say yes to.

Loss Aversion

A graphic showing how people fear losing something more than gaining something.

People tend to protect what they believe is already theirs even if holding onto it means missing out on something better. A possible loss carries more emotional weight than a potential gain, and that imbalance shapes how decisions get made.

Someone offered a chance to trade their $10 reward for a 50/50 shot at $20 will often say no. It’s not because they’ve run the math. It’s because giving something up feels worse than gaining something new feels good.

This is the force behind loss aversion. And it’s why incentives are more effective when they feel like something to preserve, not just something to earn.

Gift cards play naturally into this behavior. When framed as already owned, or on the verge of being lost, they become more than perks. They become assets customers are motivated to protect.

How Loss Aversion Shows Up in the Wild

Frame rewards as already held: Use phrases like “You’ve unlocked a $10 gift” or “Your reward is active” to signal ownership.

Prompt follow-through on abandoned actions: Remind users that their reward is still available—but won’t be for long.

Use short, specific expiration windows: “Reward expires in 3 hours” adds gentle pressure and encourages quicker decisions.

Tie recognition to past effort: Messages like “Don’t lose your progress” remind customers that they’ve already invested time or energy.

Use Customer Rewards to Influence Buying Behavior

Customer behavior follows patterns. Those patterns are often emotional, habitual, even illogical, but still predictable. And when you understand the biases behind how people decide, you stop guessing what might work and start shaping what actually does.

Gift cards, then, are behavioral tools. Used with intention, they help reinforce habits, create urgency, and build emotional momentum. Whether you’re trying to bring customers back, increase conversions, or move someone from awareness to action, the right incentive, at the right time, can shift the outcome.

Start small. Choose one trigger — an abandoned cart, a loyalty milestone, a reactivation window — and test a gift card framed not as a giveaway, but as a cue for behavior. Watch what changes.

Ready to use behavioral science to drive better results? Let’s talk.

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